<div>Isn't the very beginning of the "Simpsons" theme over a tonic pedal, like the other examples you've mentioned? I had never noticed the connections between this theme and WSS--thanks for pointing that out! I've always thought of the "Simpsons" theme as inspired by the "Jetsons" theme, not just because of the melodic similarities (1-3-#4-5 in the "Jetsons" theme) but also the sequential semitonal key relationships and bass lines: in the "Jetsons" theme, the 1-5 bass ascends chromatically, while in the "Simpsons" theme, the 1-b5 bass descends chromatically.</div>
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<div>Regarding cadences on II: a smaller-scale example is the Grateful Dead's gospel-inflected encore, "Brokedown Palace." The verse and refrain both conclude with circular forms of the progression that started this thread, I - II# - IV - I. The progression in the first half of the refrain is I - III# - IV - I - II#. As in Walt's Vogues and BS&T examples, the major II chord occupies the normal position of a dominant. I hear it as functioning as a substitute dominant that offers the "wrong" leading tone (to 5 instead of to 1).<br>
<br>Nicole Biamonte</div>
<div>Assistant Professor of Music Theory</div>
<div>University of Iowa</div>
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<div class="gmail_quote">On Sun, Sep 27, 2009 at 11:03 AM, Walt Everett <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:weverett@umich.edu">weverett@umich.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br>
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<div>Scott's right--soundtracks are an important source. The "Simpsons" theme opens with a melodic ^1 - ^#4 - ^5 supported by I - II# - I. The beginning of the theme is a quote of "Maria" from *West Side Story*, later corroborated by the trumpet's quote of ^#4 - ^5 - ^8 - ^b7 from "Something's Coming" [see opening and 0:51-52 at <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xqog63KOANc&feature=related" target="_blank">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xqog63KOANc&feature=related</a>]. (Hats off also, I suppose, to the Georges Jetson and Antheil.)</div>
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<div>Interestingly, the I - II# - I neighboring idea is often performed over a ^1 pedal (in examples ranging from the last strophe in Schubert's "Gute Nacht" through many Broadway tunes such as "Tonight" in <i>WSS</i>, and in many rock songs such as those mentioned in the section devoted to the Lydian II in my <i>The Foundations of Rock</i>, pp 256-57), but instead of ^1, ^#4 is sustained through this idea early in the Simpsons theme--a signifier of wackiness? I ascribe the sense of boundless wonderment to these I - II# - I examples. What's also interesting is the pop-rock song in which a phrase can cadence on the major II chord (The Vogues' "Five O'Clock World," BS&T's "Sometimes in Winter," both cases leading into wordless fantasy passages).</div>
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