<font size=2 face="sans-serif">Dear Prof. Väisälä and member of the list:</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">The combative stance in Dreyfus's Chapter
6 ("Figments of the Organicist Imagination") is regrettable.
But that, and other weaknesses of his book, should not stand in the way
of recommendations about what theory students--even ones relatively new
to the field--might explore in a master's seminar.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Scholars of every stripe--theorists,
musicologists, linguists, literary critics, and so on--should encourage
their students to attack problems from various angles, and from various
disciplines, even if the work they read is flawed in some way. (Isn't everybody's
work flawed?)</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Dreyfus is not perfect, nor should we
expect him to be. We examine others' attempts (and failures, and partial
successes), so that we might assess our own capacity to think anew about
how music works.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I hope to see continued engagement with
these issues in the virtual "pages" of this forum. </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Mark</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Mark Anson-Cartwright<br>
Aaron Copland School of Music<br>
Queens College, CUNY<br>
<br>
Mark.AnsonCartwright@qc.cuny.edu</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>Olli Väisälä <ovaisala@siba.fi></b>
</font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">12/08/2011 08:36 AM</font>
<td width=59%>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Mark.AnsonCartwright@qc.cuny.edu</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">smt-talk@lists.societymusictheory.org</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [Smt-talk] Readings</font></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">Mark Anson-Cartwright wrote</font>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">I'd like to recommend a publication that
would most readily be called a work of historical musicology, one
that engages with theory in a compelling way, namely, Laurence Dreyfus's
_Bach and the Patterns of Invention_ (Harvard University Press, 1996).
The first chapter, in particular--"What Is an Invention?"--should
be essential reading for any student doing analytical work on Bach.</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">I would like to add that, apart from
its merits, Dreyfus's book offers an illustrative negative example of a
kind of one-sidedness that often mars musical discussion. I am referring
to authors who, </font><font size=2>arguing for the musical aspect they
are concerned with, combine such arguments with the unjustified dismissal
of complementary aspects, which may lie outside their expertise.
Such arguments seem to manifest excessive confidence that their limited
purview matches the multidimensional richness of music such as Bach's.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">Dreyfus's book is characterized by the
strong antagonism he sees between his "mechanist" approach
and the "organicist" Schenkerian approach and by the concomitant
attempts to downplay the significance of harmony and voice-leading. While
this tendency is most clearly evident in his explicit anti-Schenkerian
essay in chapter 6, its symptoms are already evident in chapter 1.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">In ch. 6, Dreyfus argues against the
Urlinie concept on the basis that it "seems counterintuitive
to imagine that the work that went into the invertible permutations was
not *the primary* motor behind the deepest structure of the piece
</font><font size=2>[C-minor Fugue from WTC I]" (p. 178, my emphasis).
This is one of several passages in which Dreyfus seems to fail to consider
the possibility that "mechanist" and "organicist"
viewpoints might offer complementary illumination for Bach's art
(a consideration I think is extremely pertinent for its nature). Dreyfus's
argument is a bit similar as if we tried to dismiss the significance of
syntactic construction in a poem by arguing that the work that went into
the rhyme scheme is *primary*.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">Chapter 1 includes similar more or less
unfruitful attempts to determine whether "mechanist" or voice-leading
considerations are *primary* for each compositional decision. Discussing
C-major Invention, Dreyfus explains (p. 14) that "the adjustments
in the treble in m. 8 therefore resulted neither from artistic whimsy nor
from a desire for variation but from a need to replace the result of a
faulty transformation." Leaving aside that his preceding discussion
about this "mechanist" explanation is itself hard to make sense
of, I would question whether we should, in general, assume that each of
Bach's compositional solutions "results from" from a single factor.
Rather, they tend to fulfill several functions at once, and this is essential
to his contrapuntal genius. While t</font><font size=2>he adjustment in
question – the transpositional level of the thematic figure at the latter
half of m. 8 – may improve local verticalities (Dreyfus's explanation),
it also enabled Bach to build a stepwise ascending voice-leading progression
(G–A–B–C–D) towards the ^2 (albeit, not the Urlinie ^2), in parallel
with the opening C–D–E ascent towards the ^3.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">There are also several details in Dreyfus's
book that suggest that his attempts to downplay the significance harmony
and voice leading may partially stem from his defective command of these
aspects. For example, his Example 1.3 (p. 16) includes a reduction in which
the beginning D of the left-hand statement of the theme figure in m. 5
is reduced out and the passing E shown instead, despite the significance
of the D as the root of the V7/V and despite the lucid parallelism and
registral connection between this statement and the one that establishes
the tonic in m. 1.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">Olli Väisälä</font>
<br><font size=4 face="Helvetica">Sibelius Academy</font>
<br><a href=mailto:ovaisala@siba.fi><font size=4 color=blue face="Helvetica"><u>ovaisala@siba.fi</u></font></a>
<br>
<br>
<br>