<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Dear Olli,<div><br></div><div>In response to your query about Mozart's variation...</div><div><br></div><div>The passage you cite in bars 57 is a cadential lick that Mozart and others use frequently. In this context, the tonic in bar 6 is not "apparent" but an integral part of the schema's cascading thirds in the bass (164).</div><div><br></div><div>When forming an authentic cadence, the formula's bass goes (1)6716451. For a half cadence, (1)67164#45. For an example of each, see the K466 concerto, first movement, bars 4144 and 121124, respectively (in D minor and F major).</div><div><br></div><div>The pattern is a species of what Italian musicians called a <i>cadenza lunga</i> (long cadence) in the eighteenth century (see e.g. Giorgio Sanguinetti's <i>Art of Partimento</i>, p. 109). This cadence, like other <i>cadenze lunghe </i>(of which there are many),<i> </i>is really a concatenation of two bass patterns: (<i>do</i>)<i>latido</i> and <i>dolafasoldo</i>. See the first example in the attached PDF.</div><div><br></div><div>The middle tonic here is a cadential fulcrum, of sorts. In Schenkerian terms, your "apparent tonic" also occurs at the midpoint of a 5-line. In other words, the two patterns that make up the <i>cadenza lunga </i>also correspond to two third-progressions (GE, EC) that bisect the larger line in the top voice. (This 5-line is of course a central feature of the "Maman" theme.)</div><div><br></div><div>You may be onto something, however, regarding a suppressed ii chord in bar 5: not a ii6/4, but a ii9/3. This <i>cadenza lunga</i> often begins not with 6 in the bass but with 2, resulting in a partimento formula called the "down a third up a step" (and vice versa), <b>271</b>6451 (usually preceded by 1 or #1). This formula is frequently harmonized with alternating 9/3 and 6/5 chords: see the second and third examples in the attached PDF as well as Sanguinetti, p. 150, Example 9.45d.</div><div><br></div><div>Examples of this pattern are ubiquitous in the literature.</div><div><br></div><div>Hope this helps...</div><div><br></div><div>All best wishes,</div><div>Vasili</div><div><br></div><div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Myriad Apple'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Myriad Apple'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Myriad Apple'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Myriad Apple'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Myriad Apple'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div></div><div><br></div>Vasili Byros<br>Assistant Professor, Music Theory and Cognition<br>Northwestern University<br>Bienen School of Music<br>711 Elgin Road<br>Evanston, IL 60208<br><br></div><div></div></span></div></span></div></span></span></div></div></span></div></body></html>